2. Sport Criminology: Nic Groombridge - Final whistle/no side/finish line

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Last Updated on Monday, 09 July 2012 17:04

Nic Groombridge

Final whistle/no side/finish line

Giulianotti and Klauser (2010: 49) argue that an interdisciplinary research approach is required to understand security governance at sports mega events that:

brings together three particular strands: first, a sociological approach that explores the “security field,” drawing in part on Bourdieu; second, critical urban geographical theory, which contextualizes security strategies in relationship to new architectures of social control  and consumption in urban settings; and third, different strands of risk theory, notably in regard to reflexive modernization, governmentality, and cultural sociological questions.

Their work is highly relevant though much of what they propose could be subsumed under ‘surveillance studies’ or a ‘broad church’ criminology.  Sport criminology might overlap with cultural criminology, crime and media perspectives and corporate crime but some others are possible too.

Foster argues, that law is increasingly invasive but that sport, ‘uniquely offers a field in which the constitutive power of regulation and law is easily studied, and where the arguments over legal intervention are not yet closed’ (2006: 155).  Much the same argument might be made for criminology.  Indeed sport might be seen to be a different country where they do things differently so enabling the national-based criminologist to practice some transnational criminology.

Atkinson and Young (2008) talk of theoretical intersections and some others for this work are clearly the sociology of masculinities with which the best sport sociology engages.  Development and green perspectives - in criminology or elsewhere - should be interested in the growth of mega sports events in the Global South or plans to fell forest for unnecessary golf courses (Guardian, 23 April 2010).   Others have have been mentioned above and it is hoped that others will find more.

Conclusion

From what we have seen sports law is largely involved with disputes between players and authorities or authorities and news media.  Indeed in the Gasquet case Adam Lewis QC represented the player and Jonathan Taylor the ITF yet they edit a book together and presented the case to a sport and law conference jointly.   As the case study of Richard Gasquet shows ‘sport law’ follows the ‘black letter’ law  and sports sociology largely backs the huge anti-doping edifice heaped on sportspeople. A critical realist culturally informed sports criminology notes the imposition and echoes of the treatment of women in rape cases.  It may come closer to Finley and Finley’s (2006) The Sport’s Industry's War on Athletes.  They take issue with the use of the concepts of deviance and over conforming in sports sociology.  They note the sacrifices made in the name of the sports ethic and the harms drugs, eating disorders, playing whilst hurt, hazing, various ‘isms and predatory finance etc. have on athletes.  Such a mix might be of interest to zemiologists and criminologists of the harm perspective (Hillyard et al, 2004).

Game on?

References

Cases and Legislation

Arbitral Award Court of Arbitration for Sport CAS 2009/A/1926 ITF v Richard Gasquet

CAS 2009?A?1930 WADA v ITF and Richard Gasquet

http://www.itftennis.com/antidoping/news/pressrelease.asp?articleid=20728

Enderby Town FC v The Football Association [1971] Ch 591 at 605

Loi du Sport (Loi No. 84-610 du 16-07-1984)

LondonOlympic and Paralympic Games Act 2006 see http://www.england-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts2006/ukpga_20060012_en_1 accessed 12 April 2010

Meca-Medina and Majcen v Commission (C-519/04 P) [2006] ECR I-6991

International Tennis Federation Independent Anti-Doping Tribunal Decision in the Cas of M. Richard Gasquet July 2009 available at http://www.itftennis.com/antidoping/news/pressrelease.asp?articleid=20264

Union Royale des Societe de Football Association v Jean-Marc Bosman (C415/93) see http://www.ena.lu/judgment_court_justice_bosman_case_c_415_93_15_december_1995-020003031.html

accessed 12 March 2010

Walrave and Koch v Association Union Cycliste Internationale (Case 36/74) [1974] ECR 1405

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